First American Woman to Vote - Claimants

First American Woman to Vote - Claimants An often-asked question: who was the first woman to vote in the United States, the first female voter? First Woman to Vote in America If that includes in the area that later became the United States, there are some candidates. Some Native American women had rights to voice, and what we might now call a vote before European settlers arrive. The question usually refers to women voters in the new governments established by European settlers and their descendants. European settlers and their descendants? The evidence is sketchy. Women property-owners were sometimes given and sometimes exercised the right to vote during colonial times. In 1647, Margaret Brent of Maryland colony assumed her right to vote twice once for herself as a property owner and once for Cecil Calvert, Lord Baltimore, because he had given her a power of attorney. The governor denied her request.Deborah Moody, in 1655, cast a vote in New Netherlands (which later became New York). She had the right to vote because she had a land grant in her own name.Lydia Taft, in 1756, was credited with being the first woman to legally vote in the British colonies of the New World, in an 1864 address by Judge Henry Chapin.  Taft voted in town meetings in Uxbridge, Massachusetts. First Woman to Vote Because all unmarried women who owned property had the right to vote from 1776-1807  in New Jersey, and there were no records kept of what time each voted in the first election there, the name of the first woman in the United States to legally vote (after independence) is likely lost in the mists of history. Later, other jurisdictions granted women the vote, sometimes for a limited purpose (such as Kentucky allowing women to vote in school board elections beginning in 1838). Here are some candidates for the title of first woman to vote: Unknown. New Jersey gave all inhabitants (with property) and thus (unmarried) women the right to vote in its state constitution in 1776, then rescinded this right in 1807. The 1807 bill also rescinded the right of black men to vote. (Married women fell under the rule of coverture and could not vote.) First Woman to Vote Legally in the United States After 1807 September 6, 1870: Louisa Ann Swain of Laramie Wyoming voted. (Source: Women of Achievement and Herstory, Irene Stuber) Woman Voting and the 19th Amendment This is another title with a lot of uncertainty about who should be credited. First Woman to Vote in California 1868: Charley Parkie Parkhurst who voted as a man (Source: Highway 17: The Road to Santa Cruz by Richard Beal) First Woman to Vote in Illinois Ellen Annette Martin, 1869. (Source: Early Illinois Women timeline, Alliance Library System, Illinois.)In a municipal election in Illinois: Clara Colby. (Source: Illinois General Assembly resolution 90_HR0311) First Woman to Vote in Iowa Clarke County: Mary Osmond, October 25, 1920. (Source: Clarke County, Iowa, Genealogy, Osceola Sentinel, 28 October 1920)Union Township: Mrs. O.C. Coffman (Source: Fluxus Indian Museum) First Woman to Vote in Kansas General Election in Kansas: name not given (Source: Kansas State Historical Society timeline, from First Woman to Vote at a General Election in Kansas, November 4, 1880)Lincoln County: Mrs. Anna C. Ward (Source: A Souvenir History of Lincoln County, Kansas, by Elizabeth N. Barr, 1908) First Woman to Vote in Maine Roselle Huddilston ​voted. (Source: Maine Sunday Telegram, 1996) First Woman to Vote in Massachusetts Clinton: Jennie Mahan Hutchins (Source: The Mahan Family archives)Concord: In 1879, Louisa May Alcott registered as the first woman to vote in the Concord school committee election (Source: Library of Congress) First Woman to Vote in Michigan Nannette Brown Ellingwood Gardner voted. (Source: Michigan Historical Collections) - sources are unclear whether Gardner voted, or recorded that Sojourner Truth voted. First Woman to Vote in Missouri Mrs. Marie Ruoff Byrum  voted, August 31, 1920, 7 a.m.   First Woman to Vote in New Hampshire Marilla Ricker cast a vote in 1920, but it wasnt counted. First Woman to Vote in New York Larchmont, under the Suffrage Act: Emily Earle Lindsley voted. (Source: Larchmont Place-Names) First Woman to Vote in Oregon Abigail Duniway voted, date not given. First Woman to Vote in Texas Bexar County, 1918: Mary Eleanor Brackenridge registered to vote. (Source: Handbook of Texas Online)Dallas County, 1944: Juanita Jewel Shanks Craft became the first black woman to vote in the county. (Source: Handbook of Texas Online)Harris County, June 27, 1918: Hortense Sparks Ward registered to vote. (Source: Handbook of Texas Online)Panola County: Margie Elizabeth Neal registered to vote. (Source: Handbook of Texas Online)San Antonio: Elizabeth Austin Turner Fry. (Source: Handbook of Texas Online) First Woman to Vote in Utah Martha Hughes Cannon, date not given. (Source: State of Utah) First Woman to Vote in West Virginia Cabbell County: Irene Drukker Broh voted. (Source: West Virginia Archives and History) First Woman to Vote in Wyoming September 6, 1870: Louisa Ann Swain, Laramie, Wyoming. (Source: Women of Achievement and Herstory, Irene Stuber)1869, unnamed. A likely misunderstanding: women were given the vote in December 1869, but its unlikely an election was held that year after suffrage was granted. First American Woman to Vote for Her Husband as President Florence Harding, Mrs. Warren G. Harding voted. (Source: Florence Harding by Carl Sferrazza Anthony) Sacagawea - First Woman to Vote? She voted on decisions as a member of the Lewis and Clark expedition. This was not an official election, and in any case, was after 1776, when New Jersey (unmarried) women could vote on the same basis as men (Sacagawea, sometimes spelled Sacajawea, was born about 1784). Susan B. Anthony - First Woman to Vote? November 5, 1872: Susan B. Anthony and 14 or 15 other women voted in a Presidential election, having registered to vote in order to test the interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment. Anthony was tried in 1873 for illegally voting.

The Hybrid of 35mm Film and Digital Video Thesis

The Hybrid of 35mm Film and Digital Video - Thesis Example Over time, the video from film cameras evolved from black and white into colour and now looms around extinction in the face of digital video and digital cameras. Attempts are being made in order to revitalize the decaying film camera industry such as with the introduction of the LomoKino camera that supports film video creation using a crank. The current paper will attempt to look at an effort to create a TVR commercial to popularise such cameras using video footage obtained from film cameras as well as digital cameras. Introduction The twentieth century can be seen as a time of revolution for the human race. A number of significant developments took place following the Industrial Revolution that has redefined the manner in which human beings exist and look at things. Communication is one of the key aspects that have changed altogether from the pre Industrial Revolution period to today. The printing press was a key change that introduced more and more people to printed messages and a llowed greater communication between people. In a similar manner, the invention of photography took the world by surprise. First, photography allowed people to transmit simple black and white images to convey messages. In the next step, these images were combined together to produce moving images that stunned audiences across the world. ... On the other hand, photographed images did not require any prerequisites to understand them. Naturally, photography became more and more popular with time when compared to printed texts. This major change was catalysed by the creation of moving images in the form of the earliest films. Placing moving images together allowed for easier and simpler transmission of ideas. Images became an instrument for propaganda from the very start given their effectiveness at delivering their message. Audiences around the globe were mesmerised with moving images although sound had yet not been introduced. It comes as no surprise that by the start of the twentieth century, governments around the world were utilising cinemas and moving pictures for propaganda value. By this point in time, technological advances had allowed photographers to capture images in colour. The century old tradition of photography had developed a number of different industrial standards to allow for more standardised photograph y. One of these developments depended on the use of three different colour filters namely red, green and blue in order to capture and later reproduce images. Another major development dating from this period was the development of the 35mm film that became synonymous with photography around the world. The iconic 35mm film became the symbol of the photography world such that a photographer operating anywhere around the world had access to this film. Early on this size for photographic films was adopted by Thomas Edison in liaison with Blair Camera Company from New York (Dickson, 1933). Both companies agreed to slice photographic film to a standard size of 35mm or 1.375 inches for each frame. Moreover, each frame had

Business Operations and Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Business Operations and Systems - Essay Example Unipart has become one of the most successful logistics companies in the UK and delivers goods to global companies like Vodafone Jaguar, Airbus, Hewlett Packard, and retail companies like Halfords and ASOS (Sherlock, 2008). The main reason behind its efficient delivery system is the Lean methodology concept. Lean methodology is a concept which can be applied to all types of companies to improve the efficiency level of the employees (Nash, Poling and Ward, 2006). The basic approach of Lean methodology is to identify and eliminate unwanted wastes in a company (Graban, 2011). There are usually eight types of wastes in every company. The first type of waste is producing goods more than it is required. The second type of waste is excessive inventory which increases the warehousing and storage costs. The third type of waste is unnecessary movement of goods and employees because it does not add value to the productivity of the company. The fourth type of waste is the unnecessary processing of goods and services which adds no value to the products and services from the viewpoint of a customer. ... The below mentioned chart will describe the Lean methodology in details: Figure 1: Lean Methodology Concepts ( Source: Nash, Poling and Ward, 2006) Challenges faced by Unipart Like any organization, Unipart faced a number of challenges. Initially, Unipart was part of a state owned motor vehicle manufacturer. Later, the government sold Unipart to its former managers. The managers decided to come up with a unique management strategy that would motivate the employees and increase the efficiency levels of the workers. Most of the workers in Unipart had completed a basic level in education since their main task involved loading and unloading of the packages. Extensive training was imparted to the workers to improve their skills but the management faced certain challenges like there were protests from the workers and trade unions. The training could not address to the basic issues and problems of the workers (Sherlock, 2008).x The managers of Unipart tried following the management principl es of global companies like Toyota, but it failed to produce any effective results (Sherlock, 2008). Remedies to the challenges The managers stopped imitating the management principles of global companies and evolved their own theory which was termed as â€Å"The Unipart Way†. This theory included certain key components like â€Å"The University on the Shop Floor†. This was a learning centre that was open throughout the working hours of the company and workers were welcomed with any sort of queries at any time of the day. The managers also introduced e-learning and work-based assessment facilities. These techniques of improving the company performance proved to be beneficial (Sherlock, 2008).

Childrens Functional Health Pattern Assessment Essay Example for Free

Childrens Functional Health Pattern Assessment Essay The U.S. health care delivery system has gone through enormous and transformational changes in the past two decades. The traditional hospital-centered health care delivery is no longer able to support the expanded demands of health care services, especially outside hospitals. In the same token, the traditional role of a nurse as bedside direct caregiver is insufficient to meet the accelerating needs of nurses in other areas, such as health promotion and disease prevention, case management, leadership and research. As a result of that, preparation of the entry-level of professional nurses requires a broader competencies so that nurses are educationally prepared to function with more independence in delivering diversified care. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) recognized the Bachelor of Science degree in nursing as the minimum educational requirement for professional nursing practice (AACN, 2000). There are significant differences between associate degree nursing programs and baccalaureate degree nursing programs. The baccalaureate program not only include all of curriculum in the associate degree programs, but also provides in-depth study in physical and social sciences, nursing research, leadership and management, community and public health nursing, patient education, and the humanities (Johnston, 2009). The broader and more in-depth education enhance professional development and critical thinking. The baccalaureate graduate is prepared to better understand many issues in culture, society, economy and politics. Such skills are essential for todays nursing professionals. In clinical practice, associate degree nurses provide bedside care in less complex situation while baccalaureate degree nurses design and manage a comprehensive plan of care. They understand more in patients signs and symptoms, supervise other nursing personnel, support staff, and guide patients through the complicated health care resources in a community, and educate patients on health care options and advanced directives . Over the past several years, researchers and policymakers have identified that educational preparation does make a huge difference in how nurses practice. Johnsons (1988) meta-analysis indicated that there were  significant differences between professional (baccalaureate degree) and technical (associate degree and diploma) nurses on measures of nurse performance. Measures included communication skills, knowledge, problem-solving, and professional role. Pardue (1987) investigated the differences in critical thinking ability and decision-making skills among 121 associate degree, diploma, baccalaureate, and masters prepared nurses. Results indicated that nurses with masters and baccalaureate degrees had the highest scores in critical thinking ability. In my hospital the ICU nurses are BSNs, and they are responsible for patient education in addition to providing bedside care. An example of a patient care situation that was positively affected by having a BSN nurse available, recently occurred at the department where I work. A 37 year-old lady who is a post-liver transplant patient was admitted to the ICU for organ rejection and severe anemia. The medication compliance issue was brought up by the resident doctors. The ICU nurse provided medication reconciliation and discovered that patient often missed Prednisone. The nurse therefore spent more time on educating post-transplant immunosuppressant medications and reinforcing the importance to be compliant with medication regimen. The patient finally confessed that Prednisone made her gain lots of weight, which was the main reason why she did not take this medication. The nurse researched clinical evidence based on patients primary diagnosis and corresponded medical treatment options. She realized that patient has a diagnosis of recurrent autoimmune hepatitis and Prednisone is one of medications that treat autoimmune disease. The ICU nurse called out a meeting with the multidisciplinary team included the transplant social worker, pharmacist, nutritionist, nurse practitioners and surgeons. Patient and her care giver husband were also invited to the discussion of the plan for her care. Because of the shared decision making, the transplant team agreed to lower her Prednisone dose to the minimum and add a small dose of diuretic to avoid water retention caused by Prednisone. Through social workers help, patient agreed to take Prednisone every day and her husband promised to remind her to take the medication. Nutritionist provided consultation in fluid and salt restriction. This example demonstrated that the baccalaureate degree nurse was well prepared to understand the pathophysiology and disease process. She conducted research study and obtained the best available evidence in reference to patients care. Finally she used her coordination and collaboration skills and gathered a meeting of the multidisciplinary team and patients family. She also demonstrated a strong leadership skill in case management. She placed patient at the center of the care and approached to a shared decision-making. Without any doubt, her performance is a result of the educational preparation she received from the baccalaureate nursing program. If this case was handled by an associated degree nurse, her educational skill sets might not have prepare her to fulfill the task. References - American Association of College of Nursing (2000). The baccalaureate degree in nursing as minimal preparation for professional practice. Retrieved from http://www.aacn.nche.edu/publications/position/bacc-degree-prep - Johnson, J. H. (1988). Differences in the performance of baccalaureate, associate degree, and diploma nurses: A meta-analysis. Research in Nursing Health, 11, 183 197. DOI: 10.1002/nur.4770110307 - Johnston, K. A. (2009). The importance of the baccalaureate degree in nursing education. Retrieved from http://www.peoriamagazines.com/ibi/2009/apr/importance-baccalaureate-degree-nursing-education - Pardue, S. F. (1987). Decision-making skills and critical thinking ability among associate degree, diploma, baccalaureate, and masters-prepared nurses. Journal of Nursing Education, 26, 354-61.

The Influence of Frank Lloyd Wright on Frank Gehry in the Design of his

Many of Frank Gehry’s early works reflect a refined manipulation of shapes and structures, whereby many of his buildings present distorted shapes or apparent structures. From the Guggenheim museum to the Walt Disney concert hall, Frank Gehry’s architecture is close to none. He cleverly plays with shapes and geometries. In this essay, I shall start with a brief analysis of Gehry’s house and the influences in the design of the house. I shall then analyze the extent to which Frank Lloyd Wright has inspired and influenced Gehry in the design of his house through a comparison with Frank Lloyd Wright’s Jacob’s house. Gehry draws his inspiration from famous paintings such as the Madonna and Child which he qualifies as a â€Å"strategy for architecture† (Friedman M. , 2003, p. 42) and which he used as an inspiration for a project in Mexico . Through his interpretation of the paintings and artwork, Gehry looked for a new kind of architecture. His search for a new type of architecture culminated in 1978 with his own house in Santa Monica. What was once a traditional Californian house would be redesigned to become one of the most important and revolutionary designs of the 20th century, giving Gehry international prestige and fame. Frank Gehry’s â€Å"Own House† uses a mixture of corrugated metal, plywood, chain link and asphalt to construct a new envelope for an existing typical Californian house. This house has been inspired by Joseph Cornell, Ed Moses and Bob Rauschenberg. Gehry comments on his house by saying that there was something â€Å"magical† (Friedman M. , 2003, p. 54) about it. He admits having â€Å"followed the end of his [my] nose† (Friedman M. , 2003, p. 54) when it came to constructing the â€Å"new† house, which led Arthur Drexler, former Director... ...nian architects. Frank Lloyd Wright, on the other hand is considered as one of the founders of modern architecture but what is certain is that they have both had a tremendous influence on the world of architecture today. Works Cited (2000, August-November 12). Retrieved December 15, 2010, from http://www.arcspace.com/gehry_new/index.html?main=/gehry_new/html/ar.html Carter, R. M. (2001). Frank Lloyd Wright. London: Phaidon Press Limited. Friedman, M. (2003). Architecture+ Process Gehry Talks. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd. Friedman, M. (2003). Gehry Talks. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd. Humphries, L. (1970). Programs and manifestoes on 20th-century architecture. Cambridge Massachusetts: Michael Bullock. Maddex, D. (2000). 50 Favourite houses by Frank Lloyd Wright. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd. Zevi, B. (1998). Frank Lloyd Wright. Boston: Birkhauser.

Mary Barton

Elizabeth Gaskell’s â€Å"Mary Barton† is a novel of social reform that explores injustice, abuse and inequality. The novel is especially concerned with the societal condition of England at the time. In her â€Å"Preface† Mrs. Gaskell asserted, â€Å"I know nothing of Political Economy, or the theories of the trade. I have tried to write truthfully†. The â€Å"truth† of â€Å"Mary Barton† is not political or economic but the truth of the human heart. The novel is not about industrial conditions but about people living in those conditions. Mrs. Gaskell’s social aim in writing is to inform rather than to reform. Her aim in writing is to give â€Å"utterance to the agony† and to explicate the consequences of â€Å"the seeming injustice of the inequalities of fortune†. In â€Å"Mary Barton†, the protagonist John Barton asks with bitter vehemence about the injustice of the massive gulf between the upper and lower classes: â€Å"Why are they so separate, so distinct, when God has made them all? [†¦ ] We are their slaves as long as we can work; we pile up fortunes with the sweat of our brows; and yet we are to live as separate as Dives and Lazarus, with a great gulf betwixt us†. John Barton is ultimately driven to the act of murder by his outrage at the gulf fixed between the rich and the poor. John Barton is ultimately a victim of society and an example of how a man full of human kindness is hardened into hatred and violence. As the author tells the reader his wife’s death meant that â€Å"one of the ties which bound him down to the gentle humanities of earth was loosened†. The string of events that followed – the strike, the Davenports’ starvation and fever, the employees’ arrogant isolation and the failure of the petition, seem to purposely show that the world reckons the poor folk no account. And as John Barton lies on his deathbed his enemy Mr. Carson sits in his library quite unable to hate his son’s murderer. At the end Mr. Carson forgives John Barton and the murderer dies in the arms of the man whose son he has murdered and this image explicates the novel’s pivotal theme in the hope of human heartedness. In her novel Mrs. Gaskell presents men and women at the extreme of suffering at which point only the most radical of human actions remain be they despair and hatred or alternatively human compassion and forgiveness.

Corruption of Criminal Justice System - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 501 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/02/20 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Criminal Justice Essay Did you like this example? Over the years, acts of corruption by the administrations in authority have for a long time shaken the public faith in government. However, the loss of public confidence is particularly acute when those involved are the police. Unfortunately, the police have acquired a dubious reputation. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Corruption of Criminal Justice System" essay for you Create order They have been accused of committing acts of corruption which might include abuse of authority, money laundering, concealing of criminals and also the violation of human rights (Corinthia, 85). As a result, such inhuman acts have led to mass public outcry hence putting the criminal justice system at a tight spot due to the increasing number of attacks resulting from police brutality. When the security agencies disrespect the law and fail to honor their code of conduct, they inadvertently promote a culture of corruption that breeds deception, greed, and discrimination (Corinthia, 85). Police corruption exists because police culture protects and embraces officers who intentionally, execute innocent people. Additionally, the culture is promoted when close ranks officers to the perpetrators of the crime, cover up knowledge of an officers misconduct with the aim of self-preservation. This culture of corruption arises when there is a failure in the recruitment process, lack of resources and failure of the courts to be accountable. As a result, the public acquires a negative attitude towards the judicial and legal systems that condone police impunity (Corinthia, 87). Most security departments in which corruption is rife tend to have weaknesses in the recruitment process. This is because the police units do not adequately investigate the officers been recruited or trained. As a result, some of these officers tend to have serious criminal records that undermine the confidence in law enforcement. Lack of resources in the police department stems from educational and cultural deficiencies. Research shows that most security departments lack funds to pay the security officers who then end up extorting innocent civilians and receiving bribes to survive (Corinthia, 89). Additionally, some of the security officers act as hit men for organized criminal gangs for them to be paid lucratively. The judicial system has been accused of lacking integrity and accountability when hearing cases that concern officers who have abused their powers in the line of duty. In most cases, prosecutors have been accused of covering up the evidence and using vague law in the prosecution of the facts (Corinthia, 91). Additionally, the courts have been accused of turning a blind eye to police brutality and also failing to mete out befitting punishment for impunity. Thus, lack of judicial accountability reflects implementation of vague laws that put inadequate restrictions on security agencies. It also reveals that the state has failed to criticize police impunity hence, police brutality will always creep in where justice gatekeepers fail to shut the door in its face (Corinthia, 97). In conclusion, to reduce police brutality, laws must be passed with zero tolerance for corruption. Furthermore, the state must provide adequate resources to cater for the officers and finally, proper monitoring policies must be established to ensure that the police serve the citizens per the law.